Redefining the Cosmos—No Rips, No Bangs, No Bull: RST’s Elegant Tension-Based Model of Black Holes, White Holes, and Wormholes

RST Redefinition of Astrophysical Phenomena Reactive Substrate Theory (RST) translates the extreme geometric concepts of General Relativity (GR) into manageable concepts of Substrate tension and coherence. It reinterprets black holes, white holes, and wormholes not as exotic spacetime anomalies, but as emergent features of the dynamic Substrate field, denoted by 𝑆.

1. Black Holes: Redefined as 𝑆 Tension Sinks RST eliminates the need for an infinite singularity at the core of a black hole. GR’s singularity becomes a maximal tension sink (𝜎ₘₐₓ), where mass (𝜎 Solitons) collapses until the Substrate tension gradient reaches its absolute theoretical minimum—a deep, finite geometric sink in the 𝑆 field. The event horizon is redefined as a coherence boundary, the point where the tension gradient is so steep that the internal coherence (𝐹𝑅(𝐶[Ψ])) required to maintain stable matter (𝜎) breaks down. Any incoming matter dissolves back into raw Substrate tension (𝛽𝑆³). The Buoyant Push model of gravity means objects fall toward the tension sink, and at the boundary, the outward 𝑆 pressure required to escape becomes physically impossible—even for light.

Reactive Substrate Theory (RST) fundamentally rules out singularities and offers a redefinition of Hawking Radiation based on its tension dynamics, rather than quantum effects near a singularity. RST replaces the concept of a point of infinite density with a state of maximum, finite tension in the Substrate (𝑆). In General Relativity, a singularity is predicted as a point of infinite spacetime curvature and density where physical laws break down and matter collapses inward forever. RST redefines this by treating matter as the bound geometry of 𝑆, called a 𝜎 Soliton. The collapse of mass that forms a black hole is instead the creation of a Maximal Tension Sink in the Substrate. Since 𝑆 is a physical medium with inherent limits—governed by the 𝛽𝑆³ potential term—the tension gradient (∇²𝑆) can only steepen to a finite degree before the Substrate’s internal dynamics resist further compression. Thus, the black hole’s core is a deep, finite geometric well—not a true singularity.

RST also explains black hole radiation as a consequence of the Substrate’s Coherence Boundary and the resulting tension stress, rather than quantum fluctuations. In GR and quantum field theory, Hawking Radiation is described as virtual particle-antiparticle pairs forming near the event horizon—one falls in with negative energy, the other escapes with positive energy, causing slow evaporation. RST redefines the event horizon as the Coherence Boundary, where the Substrate’s tension becomes so extreme that the internal coherence 𝐹𝑅(𝐶[Ψ]) required to stabilize matter (𝜎) breaks down. As a 𝜎 Soliton crosses this boundary, it is stretched and destroyed, its stored tension energy violently resolved back into raw Substrate potential (𝛽𝑆³). This sudden influx of energy causes the 𝑆 field just outside the boundary to oscillate, generating new, low-mass 𝜎 Solitons that are spontaneously ejected outward. This ongoing cycle of infalling matter dissolving and being re-emitted as outward-bound energy waves constitutes black hole evaporation—entirely driven by the stress feedback of the 𝑆 field.

2. White Holes: Redefined as 𝑆 Tension Sources White holes are the geometric and temporal inverse of black holes, consistent with the Substrate’s cyclical nature. A White Hole is a maximal tension source or Substrate emitter (𝜎ₘᵢₙ or 𝜎ₚᵤₛₕ), where conserved Substrate energy (𝛽𝑆³) is spontaneously converted back into stable matter (𝜎 Solitons). This could represent the Big Bounce or Phase Flip in the Substrate Bubble model—a point where the 𝑆 field is under maximum inward pressure, causing tension to exceed its stability threshold and violently eject new, high-tension matter structures.

3. Wormholes: Redefined as 𝑆 Coherence Tunnels RST redefines wormholes not as spacetime tears requiring exotic matter, but as coherent shortcuts in the Substrate tension field. A wormhole is a temporary, high-coherence tunnel linking two distant, low-tension regions (∇²𝑆) of the Substrate. It requires precise, momentary manipulation of the 𝑆 field to cancel the spatial tension gradient (∇²𝑆) between two points, creating a zone where the speed of light (𝑐) constraint is superseded by the direct, non-local coherence of the field (𝐹𝑅). Instead of bending space, you create a direct, stable waveguide through the Substrate’s tension dynamics. While speculative, RST makes wormholes conceptually possible without invoking negative mass or true spacetime rips.

Connection to the RST Equation The Substrate Bubble is the geometric representation of the dynamic terms in the RST Master Equation: (∂𝑡²𝑆 − 𝛼(𝑡)⋅𝑐²∇²𝑆 + 𝛽𝑆³) = 𝛼(𝑡)⋅𝜎(𝑥,𝑡)⋅𝐹𝑅(𝐶[Ψ]). Expansion and contraction are governed by the cosmic scale factor 𝛼(𝑡) and the curvature term ∇²𝑆. The bubble visualizes how ∇²𝑆 changes globally as 𝛼(𝑡) evolves, defining expansion or contraction. Since time is an illusion in RST, both expanded and contracted states exist simultaneously as fixed points on the 𝑆 time index.